Great Depression (1930-1938)

Once in New York, Johnson took odd jobs before enrolling in 1921 at the National Academy of Design, where fees were modest and tuition was free.

Better known by his nickname “Hootie,” Johnson moved to Greenwood in 1943 when his father, an executive with Citizens and Southern National Bank, bought controlling interest of the Bank of Greenwood.

Defeating his one-time hero Cole Blease, Johnston was elected governor in 1934. “This marks the end of ring rule,” Johnston declared at his January 1935 inauguration.

Joyner has published numerous books, co-edited many more, frequently contributed chapters, and written articles for such scholarly journals as the Southern Quarterly, Callaloo, and the American Historical Review.

Despite his teaching and administrative commitments, Just found time to pursue scientific research. In 1909 he was invited to the prestigious Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, Massachusetts, where he served as a research assistant.

Keyserling led successful efforts to improve state funding for the arts, became a major critic of state policy on nuclear waste storage, and provided an influential voice on broad policy issues involving energy.

He helped to create the U.S. Housing Authority, and as the agency’s acting administrator and general counsel oversaw construction of millions of residences for war workers. His 1944 essay on postwar employment has been cited as the basis for the historic Employment Act of 1946, which created the Council of Economic Advisors (CEA) and firmly established a federal government role in the expansion and stability of the national economy.

Sensing a call to ministry, he applied in May 1886 to the MECS for an exhorter’s license but was denied. He felt there was prejudice against his Holiness views.

Her stellar performance earned King a Tony nomination in 1975 for best actress.

Kirkland’s first priority as the new head of organized labor was to unite with unions not in the AFL-CIO. During the course of his presidency he achieved reaffiliation with the AFL-CIO of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, the United Auto Workers, the United Mine Workers, and the International Longshore and Warehouse Union.

Ever conscious of racial discrimination, Kitt overcame barriers of prejudice, sometimes militantly, and championed unpopular causes for the downtrodden.

The firm operated under the name Lafaye and Lafaye until 1937–1938, when Herndon M. Fair and George E. Lafaye, Jr., were made partners.

An ardent Democrat, Lathan was also an active affiliate in many professional associations, including the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the advisory board to the University of South Carolina School of Journalism.

When deposits of the mineral silica, important for glassmaking, were found a few miles north of Laurens, a group of local businessmen organized Laurens Glass Works in 1910.

Lee’s ideas would eventually return home to South Carolina in the form of the fundamentalist movement that controlled the South Carolina Baptist Convention by the 1990s.

In 1907, in association with W. M. Riggs, Lee took on his first design project at Clemson, an expansion of one of the college barracks.

Barred by his race from receiving advanced medical training in South Carolina, Leevy was admitted to the University of Michigan Medical School.

As a strong proponent of minority education in a state that underfunded segregated black schools, Leevy pushed for the creation of Waverly Elementary School, Leevy Graded School (now Carver Elementary), and Booker T. Washington High School in Columbia.

Lever achieved his greatest success during World War I when he successfully pushed the Food and Fuel Control Act (also called the Lever Food Act) through Congress in 1917.

Lewisohn’s first novel, The Broken Snare, was published in 1908. Trumpeted by the naturalist writer Theodore Dreiser, it was condemned in Charleston for the author’s advocacy of “free love.”