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The new mills, collectively called Columbia Pacific Mills, consisted of Olympia, Granby, Richland, and Capital City Mills in Columbia. Mill villages containing 650 houses came with the purchase.

In 1881 the textile manufacturing pioneer John H. Montgomery and his associates purchased 350 acres on the Pacolet River at Trough Shoals. The General Assembly incorporated the Pacolet Manufacturing Company the following year, and by 1884 a three-story, 10,000-spindle mill was in full operation.

Pageland received its charter in January 1908, with a population of 157. By 1910 there were drug, furniture, clothing, and general stores.

Built in the summer of 1941 on the site of several abandoned cotton fields, the airfield included barracks, a ground school, and administration buildings. The U.S. Army contracted with the Georgia Air Service to operate the flight school.

While Palmer was associated with conservative theological and political circles that had strong Unionist sympathies, he became a vigorous supporter of secession and the southern cause after the election of Abraham Lincoln.

The palmetto is a branchless palm with long, fanlike evergreen leaves that spread atop a thick stem, or trunk. Botanists do not consider it a true tree since it lacks a solid wood trunk.

In 1850, following Governor Whitemarsh B. Seabrook’s recommendation, the General Assembly created a Board of Ordnance and appropriated $350,000 for weapons and munitions.

Typically, more than 1,000 rising high school seniors are nominated each year by their high school teachers and counselors to be delegates to Boys State. Those nominated are then interviewed and selected by the local American Legion Post.

The American cockroach or palmetto bug is the largest of the cockroaches to infest our homes and is well known by citizens of the South Carolina coastal plain. The smokey-brown roach is closely related to the American cockroach, and they are often lumped together by pest-control specialists as the palmetto bug.

Its sleek, vertical form represented the cutting edge of architectural design and added a sense of metropolitan sophistication to the skyline of South Carolina’s capital city.

Unable to join the racially segregated American Medical Association, five South Carolina physicians organized the Palmetto State Medical Association in 1896 as a vehicle to improve health care for African Americans and to graduate more medically trained professionals.

Palmetto’s original breeding stock came from the pigeons Levi raised for the army. The plant gradually expanded to become America’s largest squab producer and the sole supplier of pigeons for use in medical and dietary research.

After a debilitating expedition to Alvarado (March 30–April 6) the Palmettos marched through Jalapa to Puebla, where the army remained until departing for the Valley of Mexico on August 7.

Along the Palmetto Trail users visit South Carolina’s forests, parks, historic sites, wildlife refuges, the State House, a military base, and a variety of private and corporate lands. Highlights of the trail include open vistas of the Intracoastal Waterway, Lake Moultrie, the Wateree River, and landscapes ranging from rolling farmlands to mountaintops.

The first mention of a paper mill in South Carolina is found in the correspondence of Benjamin Waring of Columbia in 1806, when he wrote, “I suppose you have heard of my erecting a Papermill.” By 1809 the Waring enterprise was making and shipping printing papers and a lower-grade wrapping paper to various customers, at least partly through the firm of Waring and Hayne in Charleston.

Pardo never reached the mines of Mexico, but his two expeditions—the last major Spanish military explorations of the interior of the Southeast—provide a valuable window to the peoples of these lands in the mid–sixteenth century.

In addition to continuing her writing after returning to Manning, Parish became the children’s book reviewer for the “Carolina Today” television show on WIS-TV in Columbia. She also participated in teacher workshops and taught creative writing techniques to elementary-school children.

Today Park Seed Company uses not just catalogs, but also the Internet to bring annual flowers, vegetables, perennial plants, bulbs, and gardening supplies to American gardeners. The company is known for being first with new varieties and for having one of the most extensive listings of flowers and vegetables of any retail gardening company in the United States.

Attending to the “needs of the child,” the Parker School established health, aesthetic, vocational, general education, leisure, and environmental programs for both students and adults.

On August 30 the patriot force took position in the thick woods of a swamp about forty yards from the road and within a mile of Parker’s Ferry. A few light horsemen were sent forward as decoys. As the British force approached in the late afternoon, a Tory sentry noticed a white cockade—the mark of Marion’s men—in a soldier’s cap in the woodline.